How many times have you watched the opening credits of a movie and thought, “I wonder how many masks they had to use for that?”
I am going to show you how to to create some interesting effects
without the use of masks using a built in tool in After Effects 6.5
called the Gradient Wipe.
Now you are probably thinking “oh great, that’s all we need is a
bunch of cheesy Star Wars screen wipes.” I am here to tell you, gentle
reader, that the Gradient Wipe can be a powerful tool in your arsenal.
The gradient wipe is used to transition one image to another by
using the luminance values of a layer in the timeline. That layer could
be an image, text, or as the name implies, a gradient-Basically
anything that contains pixels.
Let’s start our spooky transition in Photoshop. Create a new image
the same size as your video. For this tutorial we will be working with
NTSC DV at 720 x 480.
STEP 1:
Create a new layer and label it transition. Fill it with black.
Next, select the brush tool (B). Set your brush color to white, and
choose a grungy type brush tip.
STEP 2:
Set the brush size to something relatively large, like 100 pixels or
so. Set the brush opacity to something low like 30. If you have a
tablet, set the opacity to pressure. The idea here is to get a range of
grays. Solid black areas of the transition layer will show first, white
will show last. With many levels of gray, you will get an eventual
transition rather than an on/off effect.
Start painting with your grunge brush, building up the intensity of
the white. Feel free to change the size and even the brush shape. The
more variation in the transition layer the better. Unless you are doing
a full screen transition, don’t worry about filling in the whole layer,
just the area where the text will be.
STEP 3:
Next, create a title with the text tool, label this new layer as title. Save your transition document as title.psd.
NOTE: The nice thing about After Effects is the variety of files it
accepts. You could create your titles in different formats such as EPS
or TGA, and then compose everything in AE . For this lesson, we will do
everything in one PSD file and import it as a composition..
STEP 4:
Open After Effects and create a new composition (again at NTSC DV 720 x 480). Set the duration to 5 seconds..
STEP 5:
Right click in the project window and choose Import>File and choose the title.psd file we just created.
Choose Composition from the Import Kind drop down list, and set the
Footage dimensions to document. Pre-6.5 users will make this selection
from the bottom of the Open File dialog box. Adobe Bridge tip: If you
switch your Bridge view to Compact View, you can keep your Bridge
window open on top of your other Adobe applications, allowing you to
drag and drop without switching applications. Cool stuff!
STEP 6:
Double click the “title Comp 1″ composition in the project window to
open it. Notice in the timeline all the layers are imported. Since we
don’t want to actually see the transition layer, click on the eyeball
next to the transition layer to hide it. As long as it is on the
timeline, we can still use it.
STEP 7:
Click the title layer in the timeline to select it. From the Effect menu, choose Transition>Gradient Wipe.
Since we want our title to “materialize” we will start the
transition at 100%. In the Effect Control box (F3) set the Transition
Completion to 100%. This setting will make the title disappear, but
don’t worry, we’ll make it come back in just a second.
STEP 8:
Make sure you are on the first frame (home key) and click the
stopwatch next to the Transition Completion setting in the Effect
Controls window to set your first keyframe at the first frame of your
animation. To see your keyframe in the timeline, hit the U key.
Now go to the last frame (end key) and set another key frame by
clicking the “add or remove keyframe” checkbox next to effect. If you
click on the stopwatch again, you will turn off all keyframes for the
effect.
We want to start and end our animation with a black screen, therefore both keyframes should be 100%.
STEP 9:
Next we will set the keyframe for when the text is visible on
screen. Hit Ctrl + G to bring up the Go to Time dialog box and enter
200.
This will take the slider right to the two second mark. Using the
Ctrl+G mode of moving around the timeline is much quicker and efficient
than dragging the slider, especially after 3 cups of coffee.
STEP 10:
In the Effects Controls panel, change the Transition Completion
number to 0%. This will make our text materialize over a two second
period. Let’s have our text stay on screen for two seconds, then
disappear. Go to the four second mark (Ctrl+G and then type 400) and
create another keyframe. Set the Transition Completion number to 0%.
Now if you do a RA M preview, your text should pop up, and then
disappear. What gives? I thought we were doing a transition? No big
deal. To really see the benefit of the gradient wipe, in the Effect
Controls box, select the “transition” layer (or whatever you may have
named your gray splotchy layer) from the Gradient Layer drop-down box.
To smooth out any hard edges, set the Transition Softness to around
10%. It’s also good to make sure the Gradient Placement is set at
Center Gradient.
Now when you run the RA M preview, your text should sort of “grow”
onto the screen. The sample on the right shows the effect with extra
“dirt” for effect. That’s all there is to it! You’re ready to create
some creepy titles in time for Halloween!!
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